Global trade has experienced significant shifts, driven by various factors shaping today's economic landscape. Understanding the key drivers of global trade and identifying emerging markets is crucial for businesses and policymakers.

Technological advancements are pivotal in driving global trade. Innovations in transportation, such as containerisation and advanced logistics, have reduced shipping costs and improved the efficiency of international trade. Furthermore, digital technologies, including blockchain and artificial intelligence, enhance supply chain transparency and security. These technologies allow real-time tracking of goods, minimize fraud, and optimize inventory management. Consequently, businesses can operate more efficiently and respond swiftly to market demands, fostering increased trade activities. Additionally, the rise of digital platforms facilitates cross-border e-commerce, enabling consumers and businesses to access global markets with ease.

Emerging markets are becoming significant players in global trade, contributing to the shifting dynamics of the international economy. Countries such as China, India, Brazil, and Vietnam have experienced rapid economic growth, driven by industrialisation, urbanisation, and a burgeoning middle class. These markets provide lucrative opportunities for businesses seeking to expand operations and tap into new consumer bases. For example, China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) aims to enhance connectivity and trade between Asia, Europe, and Africa, creating new trade routes and investment opportunities. Additionally, regional trade agreements, such as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), promote economic integration and boost intra-regional trade in emerging markets.

Trade policies and agreements continue to influence the global trade environment. Multilateral bodies, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), are key in facilitating trade negotiations and resolving disputes among member countries. Recent trade policy developments, including the transformation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) into the United States-Mexico-copyright Agreement (USMCA), show the evolving priorities of nations in safeguarding their economic interests while promoting trade. Additionally, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) exemplifies efforts to deepen economic integration and reduce international trade nowadays trade barriers among member countries. Understanding these trade agreements and policies is essential for businesses to navigate the complexities of global trade effectively.